(highlight:: They outlined three general strategies that reduction campaigns typically use:

1. Implicitly manipulating consumer choices (e.g., changing how vegn and non-vegn items are arranged on a menu, or adjusting the physical layout of a dining hall to make veg*n options more accessible).
2. Consciously targeting consumer decision-making (e.g., using promotional messaging or encouraging veg*n purchases through price incentives)
3. Strategies that do both (a.k.a. “bimodal” strategies))
   - View Highlight
   -

Around two-thirds of the interventions resulted in meat reduction, with an average reduction rate of 82%. The authors found that it is most effective to use “bimodal” methods (i.e., strategy 3) to encourage meat reduction in university settings. Promotional messaging was commonly used alongside other methods, while rearranging a dining hall layout was least likely to be included alongside another method.
- View Highlight
-

Furthermore, interventions that used two methods simultaneously (regardless of whether a study used strategy #1, #2, or #3) were more successful than those that used individual methods. For example, promotional messaging was successful 57% of the time when done on its own and 76% when used with another approach.
- View Highlight
-
- [note::Multi-modal solutions are the most promising... but are they the most cost-effective?]

(highlight:: They outlined three general strategies that reduction campaigns typically use:

1. Implicitly manipulating consumer choices (e.g., changing how vegn and non-vegn items are arranged on a menu, or adjusting the physical layout of a dining hall to make veg*n options more accessible).
2. Consciously targeting consumer decision-making (e.g., using promotional messaging or encouraging veg*n purchases through price incentives)
3. Strategies that do both (a.k.a. “bimodal” strategies))
   - View Highlight
   -

Around two-thirds of the interventions resulted in meat reduction, with an average reduction rate of 82%. The authors found that it is most effective to use “bimodal” methods (i.e., strategy 3) to encourage meat reduction in university settings. Promotional messaging was commonly used alongside other methods, while rearranging a dining hall layout was least likely to be included alongside another method.
- View Highlight
-

Furthermore, interventions that used two methods simultaneously (regardless of whether a study used strategy #1, #2, or #3) were more successful than those that used individual methods. For example, promotional messaging was successful 57% of the time when done on its own and 76% when used with another approach.
- View Highlight
-
- [note::Multi-modal solutions are the most promising... but are they the most cost-effective?]